Acute Effects of High-Fat Meals Enriched With Walnuts or Olive Oil on Postprandial Endothelial Function.
Acute Effects of High-Fat Meals Enriched With Walnuts or Olive Oil on Postprandial Endothelial Function.
Year: 2006
Authors: Cort?s, B., N??ez, I., Cof?n, M., Gilabert, R., P?rez-Heras, A., Casals, E., Deulofeu, R., Ros, E.
Publication Name: J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.
Publication Details: Volume 48, Pages 1666-71.
Abstract:
OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate whether the addition of walnuts or olive oil to a fatty meal have
differential effects on postprandial vasoactivity, lipoproteins, markers of oxidation and endothelial activation, and plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA).
BACKGROUND Compared with a Mediterranean diet, a walnut diet has been shown to improve endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic patients. We hypothesized that walnuts would reverse
postprandial endothelial dysfunction associated with consumption of a fatty meal.
METHODS We randomized in a crossover design 12 healthy subjects and 12 patients with hypercholesterolemia to 2 high-fat meal sequences to which 25 g olive oil or 40 g walnuts had been added. Both test meals contained 80 g fat and 35% saturated fatty acids, and consumption of each
meal was separated by 1 week. Venipunctures and ultrasound measurements of brachial artery
endothelial function were performed after fasting and 4 h after test meals.
RESULTS In both study groups, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was worse after the olive oil meal than
after the walnut meal (p = 0.006, time-period interaction). Fasting, but not postprandial, triglyceride concentrations correlated inversely with FMD (r = – 0.324; p = 0.024). Flow-independent dilation and plasma ADMA concentrations were unchanged, and the concentration of oxidized low-density lipoproteins decreased (p = 0.051) after either meal. The plasma concentrations of soluble inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules decreased (p < 0.01) independently of meal type, except for E-selectin, which decreased more (p = 0.033) after the walnut meal.
CONCLUSIONS Adding walnuts to a high-fat meal acutely improves FMD independently of changes in
oxidation, inflammation, or ADMA. Both walnuts and olive oil preserve the protective phenotype of endothelial cells. Author's Abstract.
differential effects on postprandial vasoactivity, lipoproteins, markers of oxidation and endothelial activation, and plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA).
BACKGROUND Compared with a Mediterranean diet, a walnut diet has been shown to improve endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic patients. We hypothesized that walnuts would reverse
postprandial endothelial dysfunction associated with consumption of a fatty meal.
METHODS We randomized in a crossover design 12 healthy subjects and 12 patients with hypercholesterolemia to 2 high-fat meal sequences to which 25 g olive oil or 40 g walnuts had been added. Both test meals contained 80 g fat and 35% saturated fatty acids, and consumption of each
meal was separated by 1 week. Venipunctures and ultrasound measurements of brachial artery
endothelial function were performed after fasting and 4 h after test meals.
RESULTS In both study groups, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was worse after the olive oil meal than
after the walnut meal (p = 0.006, time-period interaction). Fasting, but not postprandial, triglyceride concentrations correlated inversely with FMD (r = – 0.324; p = 0.024). Flow-independent dilation and plasma ADMA concentrations were unchanged, and the concentration of oxidized low-density lipoproteins decreased (p = 0.051) after either meal. The plasma concentrations of soluble inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules decreased (p < 0.01) independently of meal type, except for E-selectin, which decreased more (p = 0.033) after the walnut meal.
CONCLUSIONS Adding walnuts to a high-fat meal acutely improves FMD independently of changes in
oxidation, inflammation, or ADMA. Both walnuts and olive oil preserve the protective phenotype of endothelial cells. Author's Abstract.
