Intake of Dietary Phytoestrogens Is Low in Postmenopausal Women in the United States: The Framingham Study.
Intake of Dietary Phytoestrogens Is Low in Postmenopausal Women in the United States: The Framingham Study.
Year: 2001
Authors: de Kleijn, M.J.J., van der Schouw, Y.T., Wilson, P.W.F., Adlercreutz, H., Mazur, W., Grobbee, D.E., Jacques, P.F.
Publication Name: J. Nutr.
Publication Details: Volume 131, Pages 1826-32.
Abstract:
Many plants that are consumed contain phytoestrogens. Only a few published studies have examined
the dietary intake of phytoestrogens in the general Western population. The potentially positive health effects of phytoestrogens might be of relevance to postmenopausal women. The aim of the present study was to estimate the intake of dietary isoflavones, coumestans and lignans by healthy Western postmenopausal women. For this purpose, we studied 964 postmenopausal, Caucasian women who participated in the Framingham Offspring Study and completed the Willett food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). By searching the medical and agricultural literature and contacting experts, we identified food sources of phytoestrogens. The concentrations of the different isoflavones, coumestrol and lignans in each food in the FFQ were scored in seven categories and multiplied by the serving size of the food and the frequency of its consumption. The estimated daily median intake of the isoflavone daidzein was 39 mg (24–57 mg); of genistein, 70 mg (28–120 mg); of formononetin, 31 mg (13–44 mg); and of biochanin A, 6 mg (2–11 mg). Median total intake of isoflavones was 154 mg (99–235 mg). The main sources of
isoflavones were beans and peas. The estimated daily intake of coumestans was 0.6 mg (0.2–1.7 mg), with broccoli as the main source. The estimated daily median intake of matairesinol was 19 mg (12–28 mg) and of secoisolariciresinol 560 mg (399–778 mg). The median total intake of lignans was 578 mg (416–796 mg). The main source of the lignans was fruits. The daily dietary intake of phytoestrogens in healthy postmenopausal Caucasian women in the United States is < 1 mg. Author's Abstract.
the dietary intake of phytoestrogens in the general Western population. The potentially positive health effects of phytoestrogens might be of relevance to postmenopausal women. The aim of the present study was to estimate the intake of dietary isoflavones, coumestans and lignans by healthy Western postmenopausal women. For this purpose, we studied 964 postmenopausal, Caucasian women who participated in the Framingham Offspring Study and completed the Willett food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). By searching the medical and agricultural literature and contacting experts, we identified food sources of phytoestrogens. The concentrations of the different isoflavones, coumestrol and lignans in each food in the FFQ were scored in seven categories and multiplied by the serving size of the food and the frequency of its consumption. The estimated daily median intake of the isoflavone daidzein was 39 mg (24–57 mg); of genistein, 70 mg (28–120 mg); of formononetin, 31 mg (13–44 mg); and of biochanin A, 6 mg (2–11 mg). Median total intake of isoflavones was 154 mg (99–235 mg). The main sources of
isoflavones were beans and peas. The estimated daily intake of coumestans was 0.6 mg (0.2–1.7 mg), with broccoli as the main source. The estimated daily median intake of matairesinol was 19 mg (12–28 mg) and of secoisolariciresinol 560 mg (399–778 mg). The median total intake of lignans was 578 mg (416–796 mg). The main source of the lignans was fruits. The daily dietary intake of phytoestrogens in healthy postmenopausal Caucasian women in the United States is < 1 mg. Author's Abstract.
